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Cloning, editing, committing, pushing and pulling can be performed using Git directly from the command line, by using a Git client, or via the web interface. The former option is shown below. The latter option is detailed in the section Clone & Commit via Web.
The user in these examples is knut the polar bear, and its repository is examples. The repository was created via the Codeberg website, including a README.md file.
Clone
Cloning refers to the process of creating an identical copy of an online repository to your local machine.
Clone with the Git command clone followed by the repo URL.
HTTP
~$ git clone https://codeberg.org/knut/examples.git
Cloning into 'examples'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 3, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), 214 bytes | 1024 bytes/s, done.
SSH
Before you are able to access Git repositories via SSH, you need to add an SSH key to your account.
Warning
Before connecting to Codeberg via SSH, please make sure that you have verified Codeberg's SSH fingerprint!
If you have set up a passphrase, you will be asked for it.
~$ git clone git@codeberg.org:knut/examples.git
Enter passphrase for key '/home/knut/.ssh/id_rsa': ****
Cloning into 'examples'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 3, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Edit
Modify an existing file:
~$ cd examples
~/examples$ nano README.md
Here we use nano, but you can use any text editor you'd like.
Commit
A commit is a record of the changes to the repository. This is like a snapshot of your edits. A commit requires a commit message. For the example below, the message is "test". Keep in mind that "test" is not a very informative message, though. In the real world, make sure your commit message is informative, for you, your collaborators and anyone who might be interested in your work. Advice on how to write a good commit message can be found on countless websites and blogs.
Add a commit:
~/examples$ git commit -am 'test'
[main 10074d7] test
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
Here's an explanation of the command flags used here:
-a: automatically stages modified and deleted files for commits.-m: commit message
Push
The last step is to synchronize (push) the commit from the local repository to the remote one on Codeberg.
If you are using HTTP, you will be asked for your Codeberg username and password. If you want to avoid entering your password every time, consider using SSH instead.
~/examples$ git push
Username for 'https://codeberg.org': knut
Password for 'https://knut@codeberg.org':
Counting objects: 3, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 266 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
To https://codeberg.org/knut/examples.git
662e04e..10074d7 main -> main
Pull
Pulling synchronizes the modifications (commit) from the remote repository on Codeberg to the local one. Pulling is important when you're working on different computers, to make sure that all computers are on the same page. It's even more important when you have collaborators on a project; they may change the files as well, so you need to pull these modifications before you start working. Because of this, it's recommended to pull before pushing.